Heat the oil in a large heavy pot over medium-high heat. Add the sausage and cook until browned, about 5 minutes. Add the onion, celery, and chiles. Season with salt and pepper. Cook until the onions are soft and translucent, 3 to 5 minutes. Add the garlic and cook until fragrant, 45 to 60 seconds.
Drain the beans and add the beans to the pot. Add the cayenne, white pepper, smoked paprika, and bay leaves. Bring the mixture to a boil, then decrease the heat to simmer. Cook, stirring occasionally, until the beans are heated through and the flavors have married, about 15 minutes.
Using a potato masher, smash in the pot to break up some of the beans. Stir in the collard greens and stir to combine. Cook until wilted and heated though, about 5 minutes. Add chopped green onions and season well with hot sauce to taste. Taste and adjust for seasoning with salt and pepper.